Introduction Reproductive labour, a cornerstone concept in feminist and Marxist sociology, refers to the labor involved in sustaining and reproducing the workforce. It includes the daily and generational renewal of human beings through caregiving, domestic work, emotional labor, and child-rearing.…
Introduction Social stratification refers to the patterned and enduring inequalities that structure every society, sorting individuals and groups into hierarchical layers of advantage and disadvantage. Classical sociological theory traditionally emphasised class, status, and power as the main axes of stratification.…
Introduction to Jineology Jineology, often translated as the “science of women,” is a radical and innovative movement that has emerged primarily in the Kurdish political struggle. Rooted in feminist theory, socialism, and indigenous knowledge, Jineology was conceptualized by the Kurdish…
Introduction to Matriarchy The concept of matriarchy has fascinated sociologists, anthropologists, and historians alike. As an alternative social structure to patriarchy, matriarchy has historically been envisioned as a societal system where women, particularly mothers, hold primary power and leadership positions…
