Introduction Mercantile capitalism, also referred to as mercantilism, constitutes a pivotal formative stage in the long historical trajectory of capitalist economies. Emerging predominantly between the 15th and 18th centuries, this mode of economic organization was characterized by a complex interplay…
Introduction Long Wave Theory, often referred to as Kondratiev Waves, proposes that capitalist economies move through long-term cycles of expansion and contraction, each lasting approximately 40 to 60 years. Named after the Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev, this theory has found…
Neo-Marxism is a critical theoretical approach that builds upon the foundational ideas of Karl Marx while addressing the limitations of classical Marxism in analyzing modern capitalist societies. Emerging in the mid-20th century, Neo-Marxism incorporates insights from other sociological and philosophical…
