National service, a policy mandating young citizens to serve their country through military or civic duties, has long been a topic of sociopolitical debate. Recently, British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced his intention to introduce mandatory national service in the United Kingdom. This proposed policy is an illustrative case of social engineering, where the state seeks to shape the social and moral fabric of its citizenry through structured interventions. This essay will explore national service as a form of social engineering, examining its historical context, sociological theories underpinning its use, and the potential social impacts on individuals and society.

Historical Context of National Service

Early Instances and Justifications

The concept of national service is not novel. Historically, countries have implemented various forms of conscription and civic duty to meet military needs or address social issues. In the aftermath of World War II, several European nations, including the United Kingdom, instituted compulsory military service to rebuild their armed forces and foster national unity. These programs were often justified on the grounds of patriotism, social cohesion, and