Introduction Stanley Cohen was a prominent figure in the field of sociology and criminology, best known for his pioneering concepts of moral panics and folk devils. Throughout his career, he explored how societies react to what they perceive as deviant…
Introduction The Noble Eightfold Path stands as one of the foundational pillars of Buddhist philosophy, delineating a step-by-step guide toward spiritual growth, ethical living, and eventual liberation from suffering. In the sociological context, this path can be seen not only…
Introduction Realism, in a broad sociological sense, is an intellectual tradition that posits the existence of a world independent of our perceptions and conceptualizations. This position asserts that there is an objective reality to be discovered, studied, and understood—one shaped…
Introduction The ties between universities and the arms industry have long been a subject of both fascination and concern among scholars, policymakers, and the general public. Despite the seemingly distinct missions of higher education—which traditionally revolve around the pursuit of…
Psychometrics is a field of study that focuses on the theory and application of measurement in psychology and the social sciences. In broader terms, it provides tools and frameworks for quantifying abstract attributes such as intelligence, aptitude, personality, and other…
Introduction Protestantism is a Christian movement that emerged in the early 16th century as a response to certain practices and doctrines within the Roman Catholic Church. While it spans a diverse range of denominations and beliefs, Protestantism is united by…
Introduction Productivity bargaining is a process in which employers and employees negotiate agreements aimed at enhancing efficiency, output, and overall performance in the workplace. Unlike traditional collective bargaining, which often focuses on wages and basic conditions, productivity bargaining specifically emphasizes…
