Introduction Federalism refers to a political structure in which power is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and subnational units, such as states or provinces. While it may initially appear to be purely a concern of political scientists or…
Introduction Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527) is most commonly remembered as the Renaissance author of Il Principe (The Prince), the slim treatise that has made his surname synonymous with cunning realpolitik. Yet from a sociological standpoint Machiavelli is more than an adviser…
Populism has emerged as one of the most important and contentious political phenomena in the 21st century. Although its origins can be traced far back in history, the term populism has gained particular traction in recent decades. Leaders, movements, and…
Psephology is the study of electoral processes, voting patterns, and the mechanisms by which societies choose their representatives. Positioned at the intersection of sociology, political science, and statistics, it offers vital insights into how democratic systems function. By examining both…
Introduction The idea that a small group of individuals or institutions exerts a disproportionately large influence over society has long been a focal point in sociological discourse. Known as the “power elite,” this concept challenges the assumption that modern societies…
Democracy, in its various forms, is often seen as the most legitimate political system worldwide. However, democracy is not a one-size-fits-all concept. Different types of democracies reflect different societal structures, values, and priorities, making it an essential concept for sociological…
